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F
FAF-
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
FAST FILE- A system whereby
a pilot files a flight plan via telephone that is tape recorded and
then transcribed for transmission to the appropriate air traffic
facility. Locations having a fast file capability are contained in the
Airport/Facility Directory.
(Refer to AIM.)
FAWP- Final Approach Waypoint
FCLT-
(See FREEZE CALCULATED
LANDING TIME.)
FEATHERED PROPELLER-
A propeller whose blades have been rotated so that the leading and
trailing edges are nearly parallel with the aircraft flight path to
stop or minimize drag and engine rotation. Normally used to indicate
shutdown of a reciprocating or turboprop engine due to malfunction.
FEDERAL AIRWAYS-
(See LOW
ALTITUDE AIRWAY STRUCTURE.)
FEEDER FIX- The fix
depicted on Instrument Approach Procedure Charts which establishes the
starting point of the feeder route.
FEEDER ROUTE- A route
depicted on instrument approach procedure charts to designate routes
for aircraft to proceed from the en route structure to the initial
approach fix (IAF).
(See
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FERRY FLIGHT- A flight
for the purpose of:
a. Returning an aircraft to base.
b. Delivering an aircraft from one
location to another.
c. Moving an aircraft to and from a
maintenance base.- Ferry flights, under certain conditions, may be
conducted under terms of a special flight permit.
FIELD ELEVATION-
(See AIRPORT
ELEVATION.)
FILED- Normally used in
conjunction with flight plans, meaning a flight plan has been
submitted to ATC.
FILED EN ROUTE DELAY-
Any of the following preplanned delays at points/areas along the route
of flight which require special flight plan filing and handling
techniques.
a. Terminal Area Delay. A delay within a
terminal area for touch-and-go, low approach, or other terminal area
activity.
b. Special Use Airspace Delay. A delay
within a Military Operations Area, Restricted Area, Warning Area, or
ATC Assigned Airspace.
c. Aerial Refueling Delay. A delay within
an Aerial Refueling Track or Anchor.
FILED FLIGHT PLAN-
The flight plan as filed with an ATS unit by the pilot or his/her
designated representative without any subsequent changes or
clearances.
FINAL- Commonly
used to mean that an aircraft is on the final approach course or is
aligned with a landing area.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See FINAL APPROACH-IFR.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH [ICAO]-
That part of an instrument approach procedure which commences at the
specified final approach fix or point, or where such a fix or point is
not specified.
a. At the end of the last procedure turn,
base turn or inbound turn of a racetrack procedure, if specified; or
b. At the point of interception of the
last track specified in the approach procedure; and ends at a point
in the vicinity of an aerodrome from which:
1. A landing can be made; or
2. A missed approach procedure is
initiated.
FINAL APPROACH
COURSE- A bearing/radial/track of an instrument approach leading
to a runway or an extended runway centerline all without regard to
distance.
FINAL APPROACH FIX-
The fix from which the final approach (IFR) to an airport is executed
and which identifies the beginning of the final approach segment. It
is designated on Government charts by the Maltese Cross symbol for
nonprecision approaches and the lightning bolt symbol for precision
approaches; or when ATC directs a lower-than- published glideslope/path
intercept altitude, it is the resultant actual point of the glideslope/path
intercept.
(See FINAL APPROACH POINT.)
(See
GLIDESLOPE INTERCEPT ALTITUDE.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH-IFR-
The flight path of an aircraft which is inbound to an airport on a
final instrument approach course, beginning at the final approach fix
or point and extending to the airport or the point where a
circle-to-land maneuver or a missed approach is executed.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
(See FINAL APPROACH POINT.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
(See ICAO term FINAL APPROACH.)
FINAL APPROACH POINT-
The point, applicable only to a nonprecision approach with no depicted
FAF (such as an on airport VOR), where the aircraft is established
inbound on the final approach course from the procedure turn and where
the final approach descent may be commenced. The FAP serves as the FAF
and identifies the beginning of the final approach segment.
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT-
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL
APPROACH SEGMENT [ICAO]- That segment of an instrument approach
procedure in which alignment and descent for landing are accomplished.
FINAL CONTROLLER-
The controller providing information and final approach guidance
during PAR and ASR approaches utilizing radar equipment.
(See RADAR APPROACH.)
FINAL MONITOR AID-
A high resolution color display that is equipped with the controller
alert system hardware/software which is used in the precision runway
monitor (PRM) system. The display includes alert algorithms providing
the target predictors, a color change alert when a target penetrates
or is predicted to penetrate the no transgression zone (NTZ), a color
change alert if the aircraft transponder becomes inoperative,
synthesized voice alerts, digital mapping, and like features contained
in the PRM system.
(See RADAR APPROACH.)
FINAL MONITOR
CONTROLLER- Air Traffic Control Specialist assigned to radar
monitor the flight path of aircraft during simultaneous parallel and
simultaneous close parallel ILS approach operations. Each runway is
assigned a final monitor controller during simultaneous parallel and
simultaneous close parallel ILS approaches. Final monitor controllers
shall utilize the Precision Runway Monitor (PRM) system during
simultaneous close parallel ILS approaches.
FIR-
(See FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION.)
FIRST TIER CENTER-
The ARTCC immediately adjacent to the impacted center.
FIX- A geographical position
determined by visual reference to the surface, by reference to one or
more radio NAVAIDs, by celestial plotting, or by another navigational
device.
FIX BALANCING- A
process whereby aircraft are evenly distributed over several available
arrival fixes reducing delays and controller workload.
FLAG- A warning device
incorporated in certain airborne navigation and flight instruments
indicating that:
a. Instruments are inoperative or
otherwise not operating satisfactorily, or
b. Signal strength or quality of the
received signal falls below acceptable values.
FLAG ALARM-
(See FLAG.)
FLAMEOUT- An emergency
condition caused by a loss of engine power.
FLAMEOUT PATTERN- An
approach normally conducted by a single-engine military aircraft
experiencing loss or anticipating loss of engine power or control. The
standard overhead approach starts at a relatively high altitude over a
runway ("high key") followed by a continuous 180 degree turn to a
high, wide position ("low key") followed by a continuous 180 degree
turn final. The standard straight-in pattern starts at a point that
results in a straight-in approach with a high rate of descent to the
runway. Flameout approaches terminate in the type approach requested
by the pilot (normally fullstop).
FLIGHT CHECK- A
call-sign prefix used by FAA aircraft engaged in flight
inspection/certification of navigational aids and flight procedures.
The word "recorded" may be added as a suffix; e.g., "Flight Check 320
recorded" to indicate that an automated flight inspection is in
progress in terminal areas.
(See FLIGHT INSPECTION.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT FOLLOWING-
(See TRAFFIC
ADVISORIES.)
FLIGHT
INFORMATION REGION- An airspace of defined dimensions within which
Flight Information Service and Alerting Service are provided.
a. Flight Information Service. A service
provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for
the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
b. Alerting Service. A service provided to
notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of
search and rescue aid and to assist such organizations as required.
FLIGHT
INFORMATION SERVICE- A service provided for the purpose of giving
advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of
flights.
FLIGHT INSPECTION-
Inflight investigation and evaluation of a navigational aid to
determine whether it meets established tolerances.
(See FLIGHT CHECK.)
(See NAVIGATIONAL
AID.)
FLIGHT LEVEL-
A level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference
datum of 29.92 inches of mercury. Each is stated in three digits that
represent hundreds of feet. For example, flight level (FL) 250
represents a barometric altimeter indication of 25,000 feet; FL 255,
an indication of 25,500 feet.
(See ICAO term FLIGHT LEVEL.)
FLIGHT LEVEL [ICAO]-
A surface of constant atmospheric pressure which is related to a
specific pressure datum, 1013.2 hPa (1013.2 mb), and is separated from
other such surfaces by specific pressure intervals.
Note 1: A
pressure type altimeter calibrated in accordance with the standard
atmosphere:
a. When set to a QNH altimeter setting, will indicate altitude;
b. When set to a QFE altimeter setting, will indicate height
above the QFE reference datum; and
c. When set to a pressure of 1013.2 hPa
(1013.2 mb), may be used to indicate flight levels.
Note 2:
The terms 'height' and 'altitude,' used in Note 1 above, indicate
altimetric rather than geometric heights and altitudes.
FLIGHT LINE- A term used
to describe the precise movement of a civil photogrammetric aircraft
along a predetermined course(s) at a predetermined altitude during the
actual photographic run.
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS- A computer system that uses a large data base
to allow routes to be preprogrammed and fed into the system by means
of a data loader. The system is constantly updated with respect to
position accuracy by reference to conventional navigation aids. The
sophisticated program and its associated data base insures that the
most appropriate aids are automatically selected during the
information update cycle.
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROCEDURE- An arrival, departure, or approach
procedure developed for use by aircraft with a slant (/) E or slant
(/) F equipment suffix.
FLIGHT PATH- A line,
course, or track along which an aircraft is flying or intended to be
flown.
(See COURSE.)
(See TRACK.)
FLIGHT PLAN- Specified
information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is
filed orally or in writing with an FSS or an ATC facility.
(See FAST FILE.)
(See FILED.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT PLAN AREA-
The geographical area assigned by regional air traffic divisions to a
flight service station for the purpose of search and rescue for VFR
aircraft, issuance of NOTAMs, pilot briefing, in-flight services,
broadcast, emergency services, flight data processing, international
operations, and aviation weather services. Three letter identifiers
are assigned to every flight service station and are annotated in AFDs
and FAAO 7350.7, LOCATION IDENTIFIERS, as tie-in facilities.
(See FAST FILE.)
(See FILED.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT RECORDER- A
general term applied to any instrument or device that records
information about the performance of an aircraft in flight or about
conditions encountered in flight. Flight recorders may make records of
airspeed, outside air temperature, vertical acceleration, engine RPM,
manifold pressure, and other pertinent variables for a given flight.
(See ICAO term FLIGHT RECORDER.)
FLIGHT RECORDER [ICAO]-
Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of
complementing accident/incident investigation.
Note: See
Annex 6 Part I, for specifications relating to flight recorders.
FLIGHT SERVICE
STATION- Air traffic facilities which provide pilot briefing, en
route communications and VFR search and rescue services, assist lost
aircraft and aircraft in emergency situations, relay ATC clearances,
originate Notices to Airmen, broadcast aviation weather and NAS
information, receive and process IFR flight plans, and monitor NAVAIDs.
In addition, at selected locations, FSSs provide En Route Flight
Advisory Service (Flight Watch), take weather observations, issue
airport advisories, and advise Customs and Immigration of transborder
flights.
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT
STANDARDS DISTRICT OFFICE- An FAA field office serving an assigned
geographical area and staffed with Flight Standards personnel who
serve the aviation industry and the general public on matters relating
to the certification and operation of air carrier and general aviation
aircraft. Activities include general surveillance of operational
safety, certification of airmen and aircraft, accident prevention,
investigation, enforcement, etc.
FLIGHT TEST- A flight for
the purpose of:
a. Investigating the operation/flight
characteristics of an aircraft or aircraft component.
b. Evaluating an applicant for a pilot
certificate or rating.
FLIGHT VISIBILITY-
(See VISIBILITY.)
FLIGHT WATCH- A
shortened term for use in air-ground contacts to identify the flight
service station providing En Route Flight Advisory Service; e.g.,
"Oakland Flight Watch."
(See
EN ROUTE FLIGHT ADVISORY SERVICE.)
FLIP-
(See DOD FLIP.)
FLOW CONTROL- Measures
designed to adjust the flow of traffic into a given airspace, along a
given route, or bound for a given aerodrome (airport) so as to ensure
the most effective utilization of the airspace.
(See QUOTA FLOW
CONTROL.)
(Refer to
AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.)
FLY HEADING
(DEGREES)- Informs the pilot of the heading he/she should fly. The
pilot may have to turn to, or continue on, a specific compass
direction in order to comply with the instructions. The pilot is
expected to turn in the shorter direction to the heading unless
otherwise instructed by ATC.
FLY-BY WAYPOINT- A
fly-by waypoint requires the use of turn anticipation to avoid
overshoot of the next flight segment.
FLY-OVER WAYPOINT-
A fly-over waypoint precludes any turn until the waypoint is overflown
and is followed by an intercept maneuver of the next flight segment.
FMA-
(See FINAL MONITOR AID.)
FMS-
(See FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.)
FMSP-
(See FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM PROCEDURE.)
FORMATION FLIGHT-
More than one aircraft which, by prior arrangement between the pilots,
operate as a single aircraft with regard to navigation and position
reporting. Separation between aircraft within the formation is the
responsibility of the flight leader and the pilots of the other
aircraft in the flight. This includes transition periods when aircraft
within the formation are maneuvering to attain separation from each
other to effect individual control and during join-up and breakaway.
a. A standard formation is one in which a
proximity of no more than 1 mile laterally or longitudinally and
within 100 feet vertically from the flight leader is maintained by
each wingman.
b. Nonstandard formations are those
operating under any of the following conditions:
1. When the flight leader has requested
and ATC has approved other than standard formation dimensions.
2. When operating within an authorized
altitude reservation (ALTRV) or under the provisions of a letter
of agreement.
3. When the operations are conducted in
airspace specifically designed for a special activity.
(See ALTITUDE
RESERVATION.)
(Refer to
14 CFR Part 91.)
FRC-
(See
REQUEST FULL ROUTE CLEARANCE.)
FREEZE/FROZEN- Terms
used in referring to arrivals which have been assigned ACLTs and to
the lists in which they are displayed.
FREEZE
CALCULATED LANDING TIME- A dynamic parameter number of minutes
prior to the meter fix calculated time of arrival for each aircraft
when the TCLT is frozen and becomes an ACLT (i.e., the VTA is updated
and consequently the TCLT is modified as appropriate until FCLT
minutes prior to meter fix calculated time of arrival, at which time
updating is suspended and an ACLT and a frozen meter fix crossing time
(MFT) is assigned).
FREEZE HORIZON- The
time or point at which an aircraft's STA becomes fixed and no longer
fluctuates with each radar update. This setting insures a constant
time for each aircraft, necessary for the metering controller to plan
his/her delay technique. This setting can be either in distance from
the meter fix or a prescribed flying time to the meter fix.
FREEZE SPEED
PARAMETER- A speed adapted for each aircraft to determine fast and
slow aircraft. Fast aircraft freeze on parameter FCLT and slow
aircraft freeze on parameter MLDI.
FRICTION MEASUREMENT-
A measurement of the friction characteristics of the runway pavement
surface using continuous self-watering friction measurement equipment
in accordance with the specifications, procedures and schedules
contained in AC 150/5320-12, Measurement, Construction, and
Maintenance of Skid Resistant Airport Pavement Surfaces.
FSDO-
(See FLIGHT STANDARDS
DISTRICT OFFICE.)
FSPD-
(See FREEZE SPEED PARAMETER.)
FSS-
(See FLIGHT SERVICE STATION.)
FUEL DUMPING- Airborne
release of usable fuel. This does not include the dropping of fuel
tanks.
(See
JETTISONING OF EXTERNAL STORES.)
FUEL REMAINING- A
phrase used by either pilots or controllers when relating to the fuel
remaining on board until actual fuel exhaustion. When transmitting
such information in response to either a controller question or pilot
initiated cautionary advisory to air traffic control, pilots will
state the APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF MINUTES the flight can continue with
the fuel remaining. All reserve fuel SHOULD BE INCLUDED in the time
stated, as should an allowance for established fuel gauge system
error.
FUEL SIPHONING-
Unintentional release of fuel caused by overflow, puncture, loose cap,
etc.
FUEL VENTING-
(See FUEL SIPHONING.)
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