|
O
OBSTACLE- An existing
object, object of natural growth, or terrain at a fixed geographical
location or which may be expected at a fixed location within a
prescribed area with reference to which vertical clearance is or must
be provided during flight operation.
OBSTACLE FREE ZONE-
The OFZ is a three dimensional volume of airspace which protects for
the transition of aircraft to and from the runway. The OFZ clearing
standard precludes taxiing and parked airplanes and object
penetrations, except for frangible NAVAID locations that are fixed by
function. Additionally, vehicles, equipment, and personnel may be
authorized by air traffic control to enter the area using the
provisions of FAAO 7110.65, Para 3-1-5,
VEHICLES/EQUIPMENT/PERSONNEL ON RUNWAYS. The runway OFZ and when
applicable, the inner-approach OFZ, and the inner-transitional OFZ,
comprise the OFZ.
a. Runway OFZ. The runway OFZ is a defined
volume of airspace centered above the runway. The runway OFZ is the
airspace above a surface whose elevation at any point is the same as
the elevation of the nearest point on the runway centerline. The
runway OFZ extends 200 feet beyond each end of the runway. The width
is as follows:
1. For runways serving large airplanes,
the greater of:
(a) 400 feet, or
(b) 180 feet, plus the wingspan of the
most demanding airplane, plus 20 feet per 1,000 feet of airport
elevation.
2. For runways serving only small
airplanes:
(a) 300 feet for precision instrument
runways.
(b) 250 feet for other runways serving
small airplanes with approach speeds of 50 knots, or more.
(c) 120 feet for other runways serving
small airplanes with approach speeds of less than 50 knots.
b. Inner-approach OFZ. The inner-approach
OFZ is a defined volume of airspace centered on the approach area.
The inner-approach OFZ applies only to runways with an approach
lighting system. The inner-approach OFZ begins 200 feet from the
runway threshold at the same elevation as the runway threshold and
extends 200 feet beyond the last light unit in the approach lighting
system. The width of the inner-approach OFZ is the same as the
runway OFZ and rises at a slope of 50 (horizontal) to 1 (vertical)
from the beginning.
c. Inner-transitional OFZ. The inner
transitional surface OFZ is a defined volume of airspace along the
sides of the runway and inner-approach OFZ and applies only to
precision instrument runways. The inner-transitional surface OFZ
slopes 3 (horizontal) to 1 (vertical) out from the edges of the
runway OFZ and inner-approach OFZ to a height of 150 feet above the
established airport elevation.
(Refer to
AC 150/5300-13, Chapter 3.)
(Refer to FAAO
7110.65, Para 3-1-5, VEHICLES/EQUIPMENT/PERSONNEL ON RUNWAYS.)
OBSTRUCTION- Any
object/obstacle exceeding the obstruction standards specified by 14
CFR Part 77, Subpart C.
OBSTRUCTION LIGHT-
A light or one of a group of lights, usually red or white, frequently
mounted on a surface structure or natural terrain to warn pilots of
the presence of an obstruction.
OCEANIC AIRSPACE-
Airspace over the oceans of the world, considered international
airspace, where oceanic separation and procedures per the
International Civil Aviation Organization are applied. Responsibility
for the provisions of air traffic control service in this airspace is
delegated to various countries, based generally upon geographic
proximity and the availability of the required resources.
OCEANIC DISPLAY AND PLANNING SYSTEM- An automated digital display
system which provides flight data processing, conflict probe, and
situation display for oceanic air traffic control.
OCEANIC
NAVIGATIONAL ERROR REPORT- A report filed when an aircraft exiting
oceanic airspace has been observed by radar to be off course. ONER
reporting parameters and procedures are contained in FAAO 7110.82,
Monitoring of Navigational Performance In Oceanic Areas.
OCEANIC PUBLISHED
ROUTE- A route established in international airspace and charted
or described in flight information publications, such as Route Charts,
DOD Enroute Charts, Chart Supplements, NOTAMs, and Track Messages.
OCEANIC
TRANSITION ROUTE- An ATS route established for the purpose of
transitioning aircraft to/from an organized track system.
ODAPS-
(See OCEANIC DISPLAY
AND PLANNING SYSTEM.)
OFF COURSE- A term used to
describe a situation where an aircraft has reported a position fix or
is observed on radar at a point not on the ATC-approved route of
flight.
OFF-ROUTE VECTOR- A
vector by ATC which takes an aircraft off a previously assigned route.
Altitudes assigned by ATC during such vectors provide required
obstacle clearance.
OFFSET PARALLEL
RUNWAYS- Staggered runways having centerlines which are parallel.
OFFSHORE/CONTROL AIRSPACE AREA- That portion of airspace between
the U.S. 12 NM limit and the oceanic CTA/FIR boundary within which air
traffic control is exercised. These areas are established to provide
air traffic control services. Offshore/Control Airspace Areas may be
classified as either Class A airspace or Class E airspace.
OFT-
(See OUTER FIX TIME.)
OM-
(See OUTER MARKER.)
OMEGA- An RNAV system designed
for long-range navigation based upon ground-based electronic
navigational aid signals.
ON COURSE-
a. Used to indicate that an aircraft is
established on the route centerline.
b. Used by ATC to advise a pilot making a
radar approach that his/her aircraft is lined up on the final
approach course.
(See ON-COURSE INDICATION.)
ON-COURSE INDICATION-
An indication on an instrument, which provides the pilot a visual
means of determining that the aircraft is located on the centerline of
a given navigational track, or an indication on a radar scope that an
aircraft is on a given track.
ONE-MINUTE WEATHER-
The most recent one minute updated weather broadcast received by a
pilot from an uncontrolled airport ASOS/AWOS.
ONER-
(See OCEANIC NAVIGATIONAL
ERROR REPORT.)
OPERATIONAL-
(See DUE
REGARD.)
OPPOSITE
DIRECTION AIRCRAFT- Aircraft are operating in opposite directions
when:
a. They are following the same track in
reciprocal directions; or
b. Their tracks are parallel and the
aircraft are flying in reciprocal directions; or
c. Their tracks intersect at an angle of
more than 135°.
OPTION APPROACH- An
approach requested and conducted by a pilot which will result in
either a touch-and-go, missed approach, low approach, stop- and-go, or
full stop landing.
(See CLEARED FOR THE OPTION.)
(Refer to AIM.)
ORGANIZED TRACK
SYSTEM- A series of ATS routes which are fixed and charted; i.e.,
CEP, NOPAC, or flexible and described by NOTAM; i.e., NAT TRACK
MESSAGE.
OROCA- An off-route altitude
which provides obstruction clearance with a 1,000 foot buffer in
nonmountainous terrain areas and a 2,000 foot buffer in designated
mountainous areas within the United States. This altitude may not
provide signal coverage from ground-based navigational aids, air
traffic control radar, or communications coverage.
OTR-
(See OCEANIC TRANSITION ROUTE.)
OTS-
(See ORGANIZED TRACK SYSTEM.)
OUT- The
conversation is ended and no response is expected.
OUTER AREA (associated
with Class C airspace)- Nonregulatory airspace surrounding designated
Class C airspace airports wherein ATC provides radar vectoring and
sequencing on a full-time basis for all IFR and participating VFR
aircraft. The service provided in the outer area is called Class C
service which includes: IFR/IFR-standard IFR separation; IFR/VFR-traffic
advisories and conflict resolution; and VFR/VFR-traffic advisories
and, as appropriate, safety alerts. The normal radius will be 20
nautical miles with some variations based on site-specific
requirements. The outer area extends outward from the primary Class C
airspace airport and extends from the lower limits of radar/radio
coverage up to the ceiling of the approach control's delegated
airspace excluding the Class C charted area and other airspace as
appropriate.
(See CONFLICT RESOLUTION.)
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
OUTER COMPASS LOCATOR-
(See
COMPASS LOCATOR.)
OUTER FIX- A general term
used within ATC to describe fixes in the terminal area, other than the
final approach fix. Aircraft are normally cleared to these fixes by an
Air Route Traffic Control Center or an Approach Control Facility.
Aircraft are normally cleared from these fixes to the final approach
fix or final approach course.
OUTER FIX- An adapted fix along the converted route
of flight, prior to the meter fix, for which crossing times are
calculated and displayed in the metering position list.
OUTER FIX ARC- A
semicircle, usually about a 50-70 mile radius from a meter fix,
usually in high altitude, which is used by CTAS/HOST to calculate
outer fix times and determine appropriate sector meter list
assignments for aircraft on an established arrival route that will
traverse the arc.
OUTER FIX TIME- A
calculated time to depart the outer fix in order to cross the vertex
at the ACLT. The time reflects descent speed adjustments and any
applicable delay time that must be absorbed prior to crossing the
meter fix.
OUTER MARKER- A marker
beacon at or near the glideslope intercept altitude of an ILS
approach. It is keyed to transmit two dashes per second on a 400 Hz
tone, which is received aurally and visually by compatible airborne
equipment. The OM is normally located four to seven miles from the
runway threshold on the extended centerline of the runway.
(See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
(See
MARKER BEACON.)
(Refer to AIM.)
OVER- My
transmission is ended; I expect a response.
OVERHEAD MANEUVER-
A series of predetermined maneuvers prescribed for aircraft (often in
formation) for entry into the visual flight rules (VFR) traffic
pattern and to proceed to a landing. An overhead maneuver is not an
instrument flight rules (IFR) approach procedure. An aircraft
executing an overhead maneuver is considered VFR and the IFR flight
plan is cancelled when the aircraft reaches the "initial point" on the
initial approach portion of the maneuver. The pattern usually
specifies the following:
a. The radio contact required of the
pilot.
b. The speed to be maintained.
c. An initial approach 3 to 5 miles in
length.
d. An elliptical pattern consisting of two
180 degree turns.
e. A break point at which the first 180
degree turn is started.
f. The direction of turns.
g. Altitude (at least 500 feet above the
conventional pattern).
h. A "Roll-out" on final approach not less
than 1/4 mile from the landing threshold and not less than 300 feet
above the ground.
OVERLYING CENTER-
The ARTCC facility that is responsible for arrival/departure
operations at a specific terminal.
|
AVIATION LIBRARY
