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P
P TIME-
(See PROPOSED DEPARTURE TIME.)
PAN-PAN- The international
radio-telephony urgency signal. When repeated three times, indicates
uncertainty or alert followed by the nature of the urgency.
(See MAYDAY.)
(Refer to AIM.)
PAR-
(See PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
PAR [ICAO]-
(See ICAO Term PRECISION
APPROACH RADAR.)
PARALLEL ILS
APPROACHES- Approaches to parallel runways by IFR aircraft which,
when established inbound toward the airport on the adjacent final
approach courses, are radar-separated by at least 2 miles.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See SIMULTANEOUS ILS APPROACHES.)
PARALLEL MLS APPROACHES-
(See PARALLEL ILS APPROACHES.)
PARALLEL OFFSET
ROUTE- A parallel track to the left or right of the designated or
established airway/route. Normally associated with Area Navigation (RNAV)
operations.
(See
AREA NAVIGATION.)
PARALLEL RUNWAYS-
Two or more runways at the same airport whose centerlines are
parallel. In addition to runway number, parallel runways are
designated as L (left) and R (right) or, if three parallel runways
exist, L (left), C (center), and R (right).
PBCT-
(See PROPOSED BOUNDARY
CROSSING TIME.)
PERMANENT ECHO- Radar
signals reflected from fixed objects on the earth's surface; e.g.,
buildings, towers, terrain. Permanent echoes are distinguished from
"ground clutter" by being definable locations rather than large areas.
Under certain conditions they may be used to check radar alignment.
PHOTO RECONNAISSANCE-
Military activity that requires locating individual photo targets and
navigating to the targets at a preplanned angle and altitude. The
activity normally requires a lateral route width of 16 NM and altitude
range of 1,500 feet to 10,000 feet AGL.
PIDP-
(See PROGRAMMABLE
INDICATOR DATA PROCESSOR.)
PILOT BRIEFING- A
service provided by the FSS to assist pilots in flight planning.
Briefing items may include weather information, NOTAMS, military
activities, flow control information, and other items as requested.
(Refer to AIM.)
PILOT IN COMMAND-
The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft
during flight time.
(Refer to
14 CFR Part 91.)
PILOT WEATHER REPORT-
A report of meteorological phenomena encountered by aircraft in
flight.
(Refer to AIM.)
PILOT'S
DISCRETION- When used in conjunction with altitude
assignments, means that ATC has offered the pilot the option of
starting climb or descent whenever he/she wishes and conducting the
climb or descent at any rate he/she wishes. He/she may temporarily
level off at any intermediate altitude. However, once he/she has
vacated an altitude, he/she may not return to that altitude.
PIREP-
(See PILOT WEATHER REPORT.)
PLANS DISPLAY- A
display available in URET CCLD that provides detailed flight plan and
predicted conflict information in textual format for requested Current
Plans and all Trial Plans.
(See USER REQUEST EVALUATION TOOL CORE CAPABILITY LIMITED DEPLOYMENT.)
POINT OUT-
(See
RADAR POINT OUT.)
POLAR TRACK
STRUCTURE- A system of organized routes between Iceland and Alaska
which overlie Canadian MNPS Airspace.
POSITION REPORT- A
report over a known location as transmitted by an aircraft to ATC.
(Refer to AIM.)
POSITION SYMBOL- A
computer-generated indication shown on a radar display to indicate the
mode of tracking.
POSITIVE CONTROL-
The separation of all air traffic within designated airspace by air
traffic control.
PRACTICE
INSTRUMENT APPROACH- An instrument approach procedure conducted by
a VFR or an IFR aircraft for the purpose of pilot training or
proficiency demonstrations.
PREARRANGED
COORDINATION- A standardized procedure which permits an air
traffic controller to enter the airspace assigned to another air
traffic controller without verbal coordination. The procedures are
defined in a facility directive which ensures standard separation
between aircraft.
PRECIPITATION- Any or
all forms of water particles (rain, sleet, hail, or snow) that fall
from the atmosphere and reach the surface.
PRECISION APPROACH-
(See PRECISION APPROACH
PROCEDURE.)
PRECISION
APPROACH PROCEDURE- A standard instrument approach procedure in
which an electronic glideslope/glidepath is provided; e.g., ILS, MLS,
and PAR.
(See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
(See MICROWAVE LANDING SYSTEM.)
(See PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
PRECISION
APPROACH RADAR- Radar equipment in some ATC facilities operated by
the FAA and/or the military services at joint-use civil/military
locations and separate military installations to detect and display
azimuth, elevation, and range of aircraft on the final approach course
to a runway. This equipment may be used to monitor certain nonradar
approaches, but is primarily used to conduct a precision instrument
approach (PAR) wherein the controller issues guidance instructions to
the pilot based on the aircraft's position in relation to the final
approach course (azimuth), the glidepath (elevation), and the distance
(range) from the touchdown point on the runway as displayed on the
radar scope.
Note: The
abbreviation "PAR" is also used to denote preferential arrival routes
in ARTCC computers.
(See
GLIDEPATH.)
(See PAR.)
(See PREFERENTIAL ROUTES.)
(See ICAO term PRECISION
APPROACH RADAR.)
(Refer to AIM.)
PRECISION
APPROACH RADAR [ICAO]- Primary radar equipment used to determine
the position of an aircraft during final approach, in terms of lateral
and vertical deviations relative to a nominal approach path, and in
range relative to touchdown.
Note:
Precision approach radars are designed to enable pilots of aircraft to
be given guidance by radio communication during the final stages of
the approach to land.
PRECISION
RUNWAY MONITOR (PRM)- Provides air traffic controllers with high
precision secondary surveillance data for aircraft on final approach
to parallel runways that have extended centerlines separated by less
than 4,300 feet. High resolution color monitoring displays (FMA) are
required to present surveillance track data to controllers along with
detailed maps depicting approaches and no transgression zone.
PREFERENTIAL ROUTES-
Preferential routes (PDRs, PARs, and PDARs) are adapted in ARTCC
computers to accomplish inter/intrafacility controller coordination
and to assure that flight data is posted at the proper control
positions. Locations having a need for these specific inbound and
outbound routes normally publish such routes in local facility
bulletins, and their use by pilots minimizes flight plan route
amendments. When the workload or traffic situation permits,
controllers normally provide radar vectors or assign requested routes
to minimize circuitous routing. Preferential routes are usually
confined to one ARTCC's area and are referred to by the following
names or acronyms:
a. Preferential Departure Route (PDR). A
specific departure route from an airport or terminal area to an en
route point where there is no further need for flow control. It may
be included in an Instrument Departure Procedure (DP) or a Preferred
IFR Route.
b. Preferential Arrival Route (PAR). A
specific arrival route from an appropriate en route point to an
airport or terminal area. It may be included in a Standard Terminal
Arrival (STAR) or a Preferred IFR Route. The abbreviation "PAR" is
used primarily within the ARTCC and should not be confused with the
abbreviation for Precision Approach Radar.
c. Preferential Departure and Arrival
Route (PDAR). A route between two terminals which are within or
immediately adjacent to one ARTCC's area. PDARs are not synonymous
with Preferred IFR Routes but may be listed as such as they do
accomplish essentially the same purpose.
(See NAS
STAGE A.)
(See PREFERRED IFR ROUTES.)
PREFERRED IFR ROUTES-
Routes established between busier airports to increase system
efficiency and capacity. They normally extend through one or more
ARTCC areas and are designed to achieve balanced traffic flows among
high density terminals. IFR clearances are issued on the basis of
these routes except when severe weather avoidance procedures or other
factors dictate otherwise. Preferred IFR Routes are listed in the
Airport/Facility Directory. If a flight is planned to or from an area
having such routes but the departure or arrival point is not listed in
the Airport/Facility Directory, pilots may use that part of a
Preferred IFR Route which is appropriate for the departure or arrival
point that is listed. Preferred IFR Routes are correlated with DPs and
STARs and may be defined by airways, jet routes, direct routes between
NAVAIDs, Waypoints, NAVAID radials/DME, or any combinations thereof.
(See
CENTER'S AREA.)
(See INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE.)
(See PREFERENTIAL ROUTES.)
(See STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL.)
(Refer to
AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.)
(Refer to NOTICES TO AIRMEN
PUBLICATION.)
PRE-FLIGHT PILOT BRIEFING-
(See PILOT BRIEFING.)
PREVAILING VISIBILITY-
(See
VISIBILITY.)
PRM-
(See
ILS PRM APPROACH.)
(See PRECISION RUNWAY
MONITOR.)
PROCEDURE TURN- The
maneuver prescribed when it is necessary to reverse direction to
establish an aircraft on the intermediate approach segment or final
approach course. The outbound course, direction of turn, distance
within which the turn must be completed, and minimum altitude are
specified in the procedure. However, unless otherwise restricted, the
point at which the turn may be commenced and the type and rate of turn
are left to the discretion of the pilot.
(See ICAO term PROCEDURE TURN.)
PROCEDURE TURN [ICAO]-
A maneuver in which a turn is made away from a designated track
followed by a turn in the opposite direction to permit the aircraft to
intercept and proceed along the reciprocal of the designated track.
Note 1:
Procedure turns are designated "left" or "right" according to the
direction of the initial turn.
Note 2:
Procedure turns may be designated as being made either in level flight
or while descending, according to the circumstances of each individual
approach procedure.
PROCEDURE TURN
INBOUND- That point of a procedure turn maneuver where course
reversal has been completed and an aircraft is established inbound on
the intermediate approach segment or final approach course. A report
of "procedure turn inbound" is normally used by ATC as a position
report for separation purposes.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See PROCEDURE TURN.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
PROFILE DESCENT- An
uninterrupted descent (except where level flight is required for speed
adjustment; e.g., 250 knots at 10,000 feet MSL) from cruising
altitude/level to interception of a glideslope or to a minimum
altitude specified for the initial or intermediate approach segment of
a nonprecision instrument approach. The profile descent normally
terminates at the approach gate or where the glideslope or other
appropriate minimum altitude is intercepted.
PROGRAMMABLE INDICATOR DATA PROCESSOR- The PIDP is a modification
to the AN/TPX-42 interrogator system currently installed in fixed
RAPCONs. The PIDP detects, tracks, and predicts secondary radar
aircraft targets. These are displayed by means of computer-generated
symbols and alphanumeric characters depicting flight identification,
aircraft altitude, ground speed, and flight plan data. Although
primary radar targets are not tracked, they are displayed coincident
with the secondary radar targets as well as with the other symbols and
alphanumerics. The system has the capability of interfacing with
ARTCCs.
PROGRESS REPORT-
(See POSITION REPORT.)
PROGRESSIVE TAXI-
Precise taxi instructions given to a pilot unfamiliar with the airport
or issued in stages as the aircraft proceeds along the taxi route.
PROHIBITED AREA-
(See SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE.)
(See ICAO term PROHIBITED AREA.)
PROHIBITED AREA [ICAO]-
An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial
waters of a State, within which the flight of aircraft is prohibited.
PROPOSED
BOUNDARY CROSSING TIME- Each center has a PBCT parameter for each
internal airport. Proposed internal flight plans are transmitted to
the adjacent center if the flight time along the proposed route from
the departure airport to the center boundary is less than or equal to
the value of PBCT or if airport adaptation specifies transmission
regardless of PBCT.
PROPOSED
DEPARTURE TIME- The time that the aircraft expects to become
airborne.
PROTECTED AIRSPACE-
The airspace on either side of an oceanic route/track that is equal to
one-half the lateral separation minimum except where reduction of
protected airspace has been authorized.
PT-
(See PROCEDURE TURN.)
PTS-
(See POLAR TRACK STRUCTURE.)
PUBLISHED ROUTE- A
route for which an IFR altitude has been established and published;
e.g., Federal Airways, Jet Routes, Area Navigation Routes, Specified
Direct Routes.
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